Mugihe ibibazo byingufu bigenda bigaragara, gushyira mubikorwa no kuzamura isoko yingufu zishobora kubonwa nkinzira yingenzi yo gusohoka.Kugeza ubu, tekinoroji yo kubika ingufu ni ingingo ishyushye mu murima kuko ishobora gukoresha ikoranabuhanga nka bateri yicyuma, supercapacator na bateri zitemba hamwe ningufu zishobora kubaho.
Nkibyingenzi byingenzi murisisitemu yo kubika ingufu (ESS), uruhare rwa bateri ni ingenzi, cyane cyane iyo rushyizwe mumashanyarazi ashobora gukoresha ingufu z'amashanyarazi neza.Muburyo bwa sisitemu yo kubika bateri,sisitemu yo gucunga bateri (BMS)ikora nk'ubwonko n'umurinzi, ikemeza umutekano, imikorere, no kuramba kwa sisitemu yose.Muri iyi ngingo, tuzareba akamaro ka BMS muri ESS tunasuzume imikorere yayo itandukanye ituma iba ikintu cyingenzi kugirango intsinzi y'ibikorwa byose bibikwa.
Gusobanukirwa BMS muri ESS:
BMS ni sisitemu ikoreshwa mugucunga sisitemu yo kubika bateri, ikurikirana ibipimo nko kwishyuza bateri no gusohora, ubushyuhe, voltage, SOC (Leta ishinzwe), SOH (Leta yubuzima), ningamba zo kurinda.Intego nyamukuru za BMS ni: icya mbere, kugenzura uko bateri ihagaze kugirango tumenye ibintu bidasanzwe mugihe no gufata ingamba zikwiye;icya kabiri, kugenzura uburyo bwo kwishyuza no gusohora kugirango barebe ko bateri yishyurwa kandi ikarekurwa ahantu hizewe no kugabanya ibyangiritse no gusaza;icyarimwe, birakenewe gukora kuringaniza bateri, ni ukuvuga, gukomeza guhuza imikorere yimikorere ya bateri muguhindura itandukaniro ryishyurwa hagati ya buri muntu mumapaki ya batiri;hiyongereyeho, kubika ingufu BMS nayo igomba kuba ifite ibikoresho byitumanaho kugirango yemere ibikorwa nkimikoranire yamakuru hamwe no kugenzura kure hamwe nubundi buryo.
Imikorere myinshi ya BMS:
1. Gukurikirana no kugenzura uko bateri ihagaze: Ububiko bw'ingufu BMS irashobora gukurikirana ibipimo bya batiri nka voltage, ikigezweho, ubushyuhe, SOC na SOH, kimwe nandi makuru yerekeye bateri.Irabikora ikoresheje sensor yo gukusanya amakuru ya batiri.
2. Kuringaniza SOC (Leta ishinzwe): Mugihe cyo gukoresha paki ya batiri, hakunze kubaho ubusumbane muri SOC ya bateri, bigatuma imikorere yipaki ya batiri yangirika cyangwa bikanatera gutsindwa kwa batiri.Ububiko bw'ingufu BMS irashobora gukemura iki kibazo ukoresheje tekinoroji yo kunganya bateri, ni ukuvuga kugenzura isohoka no kwishyurwa hagati ya bateri kugirango SOC ya buri selire ikomeze kuba imwe.Kuringaniza biterwa n’ingufu za batiri zagiye cyangwa zihererekanwa hagati ya bateri kandi zishobora kugabanywamo uburyo bubiri: kuringaniza pasiporo no kuringaniza ibikorwa.
3. Kwirinda kwishyuza birenze urugero cyangwa kurenza urugero: Bateri zirenze urugero cyangwa zirenze urugero nikibazo gishobora kubaho hamwe na paki ya batiri, bizagabanya ubushobozi bwibikoresho bya batiri cyangwa bikanatuma bidakoreshwa.Ububiko rero, ingufu za BMS zikoreshwa mugucunga ingufu za bateri mugihe cyo kwishyuza kugirango umenye igihe nyacyo cya bateri no guhagarika kwishyuza mugihe bateri igeze mubushobozi bwayo.
4 ukurikije igenamiterere rya sisitemu.BMS kandi ishyigikira ibikoresho byoroshye byo gutanga raporo no gusesengura bishobora kubyara amateka n'amateka y'ibyabaye kuri bateri na sisitemu yo gushyigikira gukurikirana amakuru no gusuzuma amakosa.
5. Tanga ibikorwa byinshi byo kurinda: Ububiko bwingufu BMS irashobora gutanga ibikorwa bitandukanye byo kurinda kugirango ikumire ibibazo nka bateri itwara igihe gito kandi ikabije, no kwemeza itumanaho ryiza hagati yibice bya batiri.Mugihe kimwe, irashobora kandi gutahura no gukemura impanuka nko kunanirwa kwingingo hamwe no gutsindwa ingingo imwe.
6. Kugenzura ubushyuhe bwa bateri: Ubushyuhe bwa Batiri nimwe mubintu byingenzi bigira ingaruka kumikorere ya bateri nubuzima.Ububiko bw'ingufu BMS irashobora gukurikirana ubushyuhe bwa bateri kandi igafata ingamba zifatika zo kugenzura ubushyuhe bwa bateri kugirango wirinde ubushyuhe kuba hejuru cyangwa hasi cyane kuburyo byangiza bateri.
Mubyukuri, kubika ingufu BMS ikora nkubwonko n'umurinzi wa sisitemu yo kubika ingufu.Irashobora gutanga igenzura ryuzuye no kugenzura sisitemu yo kubika bateri kugirango irinde umutekano, ituze n'imikorere, bityo ibone ibisubizo byiza biva muri ESS.Byongeye kandi, BMS irashobora kuzamura ubuzima no kwizerwa bya ESS, kugabanya amafaranga yo kubungabunga hamwe ningaruka zikorwa, kandi igatanga igisubizo cyoroshye kandi cyizewe cyo kubika ingufu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-08-2023