Gufungura ubushobozi bwa sisitemu yo kubika ingufu za Batiri (BESS) - Ikoranabuhanga rya Batiri

Sisitemu yo Kubika Ingufu za Batiri (BESS) zirahindura uburyo dukoresha ingufu, zitanga byinshiof inyungu zirimo gukoresha ingufu zubwenge, kugabanya ibiciro, kwihangana, kubungabunga umutungo, no kubungabunga ibidukikije.

BESS ije mu bunini butandukanye, uhereye ku bice byoroheje byo murugo kugeza kuri sisitemu nini igaburira ibikorwa ninganda ku isi.Izi sisitemu, ariko, ziratandukanye zishingiye kumashanyarazi cyangwa tekinoroji ya bateri bakoresha.Muri iki kiganiro, tuzacukumbura muburyo bwa batiri ya BESS hamwe nuburyo batanga kubisubizo byingufu.

Batteri ya Litiyumu-Ion (Li-Ion)

Nkuko bigaragazwa na raporo ya 2020 n’ikigo cy’Amerika gishinzwe amakuru (EIA), hejuru ya 90% ya sisitemu nini yo kubika ingufu za Batiri muri Amerika zashingiye kuri bateri ya lithium-ion.Imibare yisi yose isubiramo iyi nzira.Ubu bwoko bwa bateri bushobora kwishyurwa buragaragara hose mumodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki byabaguzi, nibikoresho bigendanwa nka terefone zigendanwa, mudasobwa zigendanwa, tableti, na kamera.Batteri ya Litiyumu-ion ikubiyemo imiti itandukanye, harimo na lithium cobalt oxyde, lithium manganese oxyde, lithium fer fosifate, na lithium nikel manganese cobalt oxyde (NMC), nibindi.

Ibyiza bya bateri ya Li-ion ni byinshi, bigatuma ikorana buhanga mu kubika ingufu.Izi bateri zoroheje, zoroshye, zirata ubushobozi bwinshi nubucucike bwingufu, bisaba kubungabungwa bike, kandi bikerekana igihe kirekire.Ikigeretse kuri ibyo, bishyuza byihuse kandi bafite igipimo gito cyo kwisohora.Nyamara, ibibi byabo birimo igiciro cyinshi ugereranije, gutwikwa, no kumva ubushyuhe bukabije, kwishyuza cyane, no gusohora cyane.

Amashanyarazi ya Acide (PbA)

Bateri ya aside-aside igereranya imwe muri tekinoroji ya kera kandi ihenze cyane iboneka.Basanga ikoreshwa ryinshi mumodoka, mubikorwa byinganda, hamwe na sisitemu yo kubika ingufu.Ikigaragara ni uko izi bateri zishobora gukoreshwa cyane kandi zikora neza haba murwego rwo hejuru kandi ruto.Bateri-igengwa na aside-aside (VRLA), variant igezweho, iruta iyababanjirije igihe kirekire, kongera ubushobozi, no kubungabunga byoroshye.Nyamara, kwishyuza gahoro, uburemere buremereye, nubucucike buke ni imbogamizi zikomeye zikoranabuhanga.

Nickel-Cadmium (Ni-Cd) Batteri

Batteri ya Ni-Cd yagaragaye cyane muri elegitoroniki ishobora kwambara kugeza igihe bateri ya Li-ion itangiriye.Izi bateri zitanga ibintu byinshi hamwe nibishusho byinshi, bihendutse, koroshya ubwikorezi nububiko, hamwe no guhangana nubushyuhe buke.Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, basigaye inyuma yabanywanyi mubucucike bwingufu, igipimo cyo kwisohora, hamwe no kongera gukoreshwa.Bateri ya Nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH), kugabana hydroxide ya nikel oxyde (NiO (OH)) nkibigize tekinoroji ya Ni-Cd, bitanga ibintu byiza cyane nko kongera ubushobozi nubucucike bwingufu.

Bateri ya Sodium-Amazi (Na-S)

Batteri ya Sodium-sulfure ikoresha umunyu ushongeshejwe, ikabaha ikorana buhanga.Izi bateri zifite imbaraga nimbaraga nyinshi, kuramba, no gukora neza mubihe bikabije.Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, gukoreshwa kwabo kugarukira kubera ibisabwa kugirango ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bukore (butari munsi ya 300 ℃) kandi bushobora kwangirika.Sodium, igice cyingenzi, itera impungenge z'umutekano kuko yaka cyane kandi iturika.Nubwo hari ibibazo, bateri ya sodium-sulfure irerekana ko ari byiza kubika ingufu zidasanzwe zahujwe n’amashanyarazi ashobora kuvugururwa.

Bateri zitemba

Bitandukanye na bateri zisanzwe zishobora kwishyurwa zibika ingufu mubikoresho bikomeye bya electrode, bateri zitemba zinzu zubaka mumazi ya electrolyte.Ubwoko bwiganje cyane ni bateri ya redadium redox (VRB), hamwe nibindi bitandukanye birimo zinc-bromine, zinc-fer, na chimisties ya fer-chromium.Batteri zitemba zitanga inyungu zidasanzwe, zirimo igihe kirekire kidasanzwe (kugeza kumyaka 30), ubwinshi bwikigereranyo, inshuro zo gutabara byihuse, hamwe numuriro muke bitewe na electrolytite zidashya.Ibiranga byatumye bateri zitemba zitanga isoko ryingenzi muri sisitemu yo kubika ingufu za gride na gride, cyane cyane mubikorwa binini.

Hamwe na tekinoroji ya batiri, imiterere yingufu zirahinduka, zitanga ibisubizo bitandukanye kugirango uhuze ibikenewe bitandukanye mu nganda no mumirenge.Mugihe ikoranabuhanga rikomeje gutera imbere, uruhare rwa sisitemu yo kubika ingufu za Batteri ruzarushaho kuba ingenzi muguhindura ejo hazaza hacu.